Case:

our Learning Objectives

• Describe the origin of transformational leadership.
• Discuss the criticisms, or weaknesses, of transformational leadership theory.
• Analyze the role of transformational leadership in student success.

Consider the following questions (and take notes) while you read:

• What is the foundation of transformational leadership theory?
• What are the criticisms, or weaknesses, of transformational leadership theory?

1. Hooijberg, R., & Lane, N. (2013). Transformational leadership theory. In E. Kessler (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Management Theory (pp. 896–899). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc.
2. Berkovich, I. (2016). School leaders and transformational leadership theory: Time to part ways? Journal of Educational Administration, 54(5), 609–622.

Consider the following question (and take notes) while you read:

• What actions do leaders take to implement transformational leadership?
• What expectations do employees have about the transformational leader?

1. Harrison, L. M. (2011). Transformational leadership, integrity, and power. New Directions for Student Services, (135), 45–52.
2. Basham, L. M. (2012). Transformational leadership characteristics necessary for today’s leaders in higher education. Journal of International Education Research, 8(4), 343–347.

Case Assignment

Use the readings to write a 3- to 4-page paper (excluding title page and reference list) that includes the following components:

1. Introduction
2. Describe the major components of transformational leadership.
3. Discuss the criticism, or weaknesses, of transformational leadership.
   • Use the Berkovich (2016) reading to discuss the potential weaknesses of transformational leadership.
4. Reflect on the application of transformational to your current, or future, educational setting.
   • Is this theory useful as a leader/manager?
   • Is this theory useful to organizational success or student success?
   • Refer to the Harrison (2011) and Basham (2012) readings to support your discussion.
5. Conclusion

Assignment Expectations

 Your work should be written with the following points in mind.

• This paper should be at least 3 pages, not counting the title page and reference page.
• Provide a clear introduction that orients a reader to the essay main content and the main points discussed.
• Include a well-developed, well-balanced essay body that develops each point in its own paragraph.
• Include a concise conclusion that summarizes the entire essay.
• Include at least three references. Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
• Cite references within the text and also list them at the end of the assignment in the References section. Follow the APA Style® format; see www.apa.org.
• Provide at least one in-text citation for each reference.
• Include a reference page which follows APA style.
• Organize the essay in a clear and coherent manner.
• The paper should be double spaced with font size of 12.
• Your writing should:
  • Be clear, logical, and precise.
  • Have breadth and depth.
  • Show critical thinking skills.

SLP:

our learning objectives:

• Identify the core assumptions of the symbolic perspective.
• Analyze the symbolic frame and discuss examples of its application in educational institutions.

Consider the following questions (and take notes) while you read the chapter:

• What are the assumptions of the symbolic frame?
• When and why is it useful?
• What rituals, story-telling, and heroes exist within your educational settings?

1. Read: Chapter 12: Organizational Symbols and Culture (p. 245–270) in:
   Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (2013). Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Write a 2- to 3-page paper (excluding title page and reference list) that includes the following components:

1. Introduction
2. Discuss the assumptions of the symbolic perspective.
3. Describe some of the rituals or ceremonies in educational settings.
   • How do these rituals reinforce the goals of an educational institution?
4. Reflect on the organizational symbols within your current workplace.
   • Describe the culture of the organization or institution.
   • Does the current culture support its ability to accomplish its goals?
   • Does the current culture support your ability to accomplish your goals?
5. Discuss how the symbolic frame is useful to you as a current, or future, educational leader.
6. Conclusion

SLP Assignment Expectations

Your work should be written with the following points in mind.

• This paper should be at least 2 pages, not counting the title page and reference page.
• Provide a clear introduction that orients a reader to the essay main content and the main points discussed.
• Include a well-developed, well-balanced essay body that develops each point in its own paragraph.
• Include a concise conclusion that summarizes the entire essay.
• Include at least three references. Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
• Cite references within the text and also list them at the end of the assignment in the References section. Follow the APA Style® format; see www.apa.org.
• Provide at least one in-text citation for each reference.
• Include a reference page which follows APA style.
• Organize the essay in a clear and coherent manner.
• The paper should be double spaced with font size of 12.
• Your writing should:
  • Be clear, logical, and precise.
  • Have breadth and depth.
  • Show critical thinking skills.

Discussion:

This module introduced transformational leadership and the symbolic perspective.

• Discuss ways in which both are related, how the perspectives may be used together by a leader, and how they might help achieve or support institutional goals.