MANUSCRIPT LAYOUT Q&A

1. Examine this figure. What, if anything, is incorrect with the font style used in this example text?

Both A & B

Nothing is wrong with this font used in this example text

2. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect with the line spacing used in this example text?

3. Examine the figure.

There are no APA Manuscript Layout Errors with this segment of the paper: True or False?

4. Examine the figure below. What, if anything, is wrong with the reference section?

5. Examine the figure. Assuming that the Options have been set correctly for this document, why is there a green underline within each of these highlighted sections?

Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong relative to the format for these paragraphs?

WRITING STYLE Q&A

1. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect with the subjects of these sentences as highlighted?

2. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong within the highlighted section?

3. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong with the highlighted phrases?

4. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong with the highlighted word?

5. Examine the figure. What is the error in the highlighted section?

6. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong relative to paragraph writing style?

7. Examine the figure. What, if any, style errors exist with this section?

WRITING STYLE Q&A

1. Examine the figure. Is the verb tense correct with the word “data”?

CORRECT: The fuel data are major

Yes

No

2. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect with the highlighted phrases?

The corrected text for this question is shown in the figure. Whenever possible, use an active voice rather than a passive voice (APA Guide, p. 77).

3. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong with the highlighted phrases?

4. Examine the figure. Is there a grammar error within the highlighted section?

Yes

GRAMMAR Q&A

1. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is missing from the section assuming that the author found the information from a literature source?

2. Examine the figure. What, if anything, might be incorrect with the word choices for this sentence?

3. Examine the figure below. What, if anything, might be wrong with the highlighted word choice for this sentence?

4. Consider the two statements below. Both statements essentially convey the same message, but one is phrased better based on language bias and objectivity. Which of the following statements is the better choice of phrasing with regard to objectivity and writer bias?

5. Consider the two statements below. Both statements essentially convey the same message, but one is phrased better based on language bias and objective. Which of the following statements is the better choice of phrasing with regard to objectivity and writer bias?

6. Consider the two statements below. Both statements essentially convey the same message, but one is phrased better based on language bias and objective. Which of the following statements is the better choice of phrasing with regard to objectivity and writer bias?

7. Consider the two statements below. Both statements essentially convey the same message, but one is phrased better based on language bias and objective. Which of the following statements is the better choice of phrasing with regard to objectivity and writer bias?

8. Consider the two statements below. Both statements essentially convey the same message, but one is phrased better based on language bias and objective. Which of the following statements is the better choice of phrasing with regard to objectivity and writer bias?

9. Examine the figure. Is there a style error with these two highlighted sections?

PUNCTUATUION Q&A

1. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect within the highlighted sections relative to punctuation?

2. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect within the highlighted sections relative to punctuation?

3. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect within the highlighted sections relative to punctuation?

4. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong within the highlighted sections relative to punctuation and italics font style?

5. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect within the highlighted section relative to punctuation and style?

CAPITALIZATION AND ITALICS Q&A

1. Examine the highlighted section within the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect relative to word capitalization?

2. Examine the highlighted sections within the figure. What, if anything, is incorrest relative to word capitalization?

3. Examine the highlighted sections within the figure. What, if anything, is incorrect with this text in terms of capitalization and the use of italics font style?

4. Examine the figures. Which is correct regarding capitalization of nouns followed by numerals or letters?

5. Examine the figures. Which is correct regarding capitalization of nouns that denote common parts of books?

6. Examine the figures. Which is correct regarding the capitalization of nouns that precede a variable?

7. Examine the figures.Which is correct regarding capitalization of nouns that are names of conditions or groups in an experiment?

8. Examine the figures. Which is correct regarding capitalization of names of factors, variables, and effects?

ABBREVIATIONS Q&A

1. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is a concern with this sentence?

2. Which of the following sentences has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

A. Department of Justice (DOJ) officials reported a decrease in the national crime rate for 2008 (Johnson, 2009).

B. Department of Justice (D.O.J.) officials reported a decrease in the national crime rate for 2008 (Johnson, 2009).

3. Which of the following sentences has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

4. Which of the following sentences has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

B. Several colors (e.g., blue, red, and orange) are not especially well suited for camouflage material (Kelley, 2007).

5. Which of the following sentences has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

6. Which of the following sentences has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

7. Which of the following sentences has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

8. Which of the following sentences has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

9. Which of the following reference listings has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

A. Stevens, R. A. (2003). Coming home. In M. W. Walker & P. T. Frederick (Ed’s), Journals of a trapper (pp. 34-89). Albany, NY: Hills Publishing.

B. Stevens, R. A. (2003). Coming home. In M. W. Walker & P. T. Frederick (Eds.), Journals of a trapper (pp. 34-89). Albany, NY: Hills Publishing.

10. Which of the following sentences has the correct format and application of abbreviations according to the 6th Edition APA guide?

HEADING AND SERIES Q&A

1. Examine the figures. Which is the correct heading format if this section of the paper that has only one heading level?

2. Examine the figures. Which is the correct heading format if this section of the section has two heading levels?

3. Examine the figures. Which is the correct heading format if this section of the paper has three heading levels?

4. Examine the figures. Which is the correct heading format if this section of the paper has four heading levels?

5. Examine the figures. Which is the correct heading format if this section of the paper has five heading levels?

6. Examine the sentences below. Which sentence uses the correct format to identify elements in a series within a paragraph?

7. Examine the figures. Which is correct regarding a series with separate paragraphs?

QUOTATIONS Q&A

1. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong concerning the inclusion of a direct quotation from a source within the first sentence?

2. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong concerning the inclusion of a direct quotation from a source within the first sentence?

3. Examine the figures. Which is the correct APA format to quote a source that has page numbers with the original material?

4. Examine the figures. Which is the correct APA format to quote a source that only has paragraph numbers and not page numbers with the original material?

5. Examine the figures. Which is the correct APA format to quote a source that only has headings and not page or paragraph numbers with the original material?

6. Examine the figure. What, if anything, is wrong concerning the format for this quote?

7. Examine the figures. Which is the correct APA format for a quote within a quote when included within a short (less than 40 words) in-sentence quotation?

8..Examine the figures. Which is the correct APA format for a quote within a quote when included within a block quote?

9. Examine the figures. Which is the correct APA format for end of sentence punctuation associated with an in-sentence quote?

a. Figure A is the correct APA format for end of sentence punctuation associated with an in-sentence quote.

b. Figure B is the correct APA format for end of sentence punctuation associated with an in-sentence quote.

If the punctuation is part of the quote, then include the punctuation within the quotation marks. Close the quoted passage with quotation marks, cite the source in parentheses immediately after the quotation marks, and end the sentence with a period or other punctuation outside the final parenthesis.

NUMBERS Q&A

1. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

The study included eleven participants.

The study included 11 participants.

A and B are both incorrect.

With some exceptions, all numbers 10 and above should be expressed in numerals.

2. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

Less than six participants indicated some degree of agreement with the statement.

Less than 6 participants indicated some degree of agreement with the statement.

A and B are both incorrect.

With some exceptions, all numbers 10 and above should be expressed in numerals.

3. Should you allow your word processing program to automatically superscript the “th” with a number?

Yes

No

It does not matter if the “th” is superscript font when used with a number (e.g. 10th or 6th).

Although word processing programs will often automatically superscript the “th” with numbers, the APA guide on page 112-113 shows that the “th” should not be in superscript.

4. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

Nearly 50 percent of the sample included working professionals.

Nearly fifty percent of the sample included working professionals.

A and B are both incorrect.

According to the APA guide, numbers 10 and above should be listed as figures AND you use the % sign instead of the word “percent” when used with a number expressed as a figure.

5. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

The study included 11 participants including four men and seven women.

The study included 11 participants including 4 men and 7 women.

A and B are both incorrect.

6. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

At least 15 trials were conducted for each of the six participant categories.

At least 15 trials were conducted for each of the 6 participant categories.

A and B are both incorrect.

When the groups are not being compared, the general rule of numbers as words (nine or less) or numerals (greater than 10) is followed.

7. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

The doctor administered a five-mg dose of the antibiotic to the patient.

The doctor administered a 5-mg dose of the antibiotic to the patient.

A and B are both incorrect.

Numbers that immediately precede a unit of measurement are expressed as numerals.

8. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

Nearly 5 times as many unemployed people responded to the survey than did employed people.

Nearly five times as many unemployed people responded to the survey than did employed people.

A and B are both incorrect.

9. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

The means of the three samples were 1.45, .89, and 4.64.

The means of the three samples were 1.45, 0.89, and 4.64.

A and B are both incorrect.

The “0” should be included for decimal numbers less than 1 unless the decimal number cannot be greater than 1 (e.g. correlations, proportions, and levels of statistical significance).

10. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

Time trials were conducted at the 2 hr 35 min mark.

Time trials were conducted at the two hr 35 min mark.

A and B are both incorrect.

11. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

Participants in the study were required to complete the test at least 6 times.

Participants in the study were required to complete the test at least six times.

A and B are both incorrect.

Numbers below 10 that do not represent precise measurements should be expressed in words.

12. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

Fifteen% of total number of participants were included in the initial survey.

15% of total number of participants were included in the initial survey.

A and B are both incorrect.

According to the APA guide, any number that begins a sentence, title, or text heading should be expressed as words. With a word representing a number, you use “percent” rather than the symbol “%”.

13. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

Nearly 1/5 of the study group identified themselves as managers on the survey.

Nearly one fifth of the study group identified themselves as managers on the survey.

A and B are both incorrect.

Common fractions should be expressed in words.

14. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

The current appropriation for the project was over $3 million.

The current appropriation for the project was over three million dollars.

A and B are both incorrect.

Rounded large numbers, starting with a million, should be expressed as a combination of figures and words to express the number. For currency, use the symbol rather than the word.

15. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

The current appropriation for the project was over $3 million.

The current appropriation for the project was over three million dollars.

A and B are both incorrect.

Rounded large numbers, starting with a million, should be expressed as a combination of figures and words to express the number. For currency, use the symbol rather than the word.

16. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

The total sample size for the project was 1678.

The total sample size for the project was 1,678.

A and B are both incorrect.

17. Which of the following is the correct format for the number(s) according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

In the early 1950s, economic prosperity contributed to the creation of suburbia.

In the early 1950’s, economic prosperity contributed to the creation of suburbia.

A and B are both incorrect.

To form the plurals of numbers, whether expressed as numerals or as words, add s or es alone, without an apostrophe.

METRICATION Q&A

Examine the figure, specifically the highlighted section below #1. This specific highlighted section has an APA style error. What is the error?

1. Examine the figure, specifically the highlighted section below #1. This specific highlighted section has an APA style error. What is the error?

Abbreviation error

Use the English and metric symbols to express units when it appears with a numeric value. When the unit does not appear with a numeric value, spell out the unit in text. Use the symbols in table headings to conserve space.

2. Examine the figure, specifically the highlighted section below #2. This specific highlighted section has an APA style error. What is the error?

Capitalization error

Use lowercase letters when writing out full names of units unless the name appears in capitalized material or at the beginning of a sentence. For the most part, use lower case symbols even in capitalized material. Symbols derived from someone’s name usually include an uppercase letter (e.g. Gy). Use the symbol L for liter when it stands alone to avoid confusion with 1 or I.

3. Examine the figure, specifically the highlighted section below #3. This specific highlighted section has an APA style error. What is the error?

Metric use error

APA uses the metric system in its journals. All references to physical measurements, where feasible, should be expressed in metric units. If the measurements were made in non-metric units, convert to the rounded Internal System of Units (SI) equivalent (APA Guide p. 115).

4. Examine the figure, specifically the highlighted section below #4. This specific highlighted section has an APA style error. What is the error?

Plurals error

Make full names of units plural when appropriate (e.g. meters), but do not make symbols of units plural (e.g. it is “3 cm”, not “3 cms”).

5. Examine the figure, specifically the highlighted section below #5. This specific highlighted section has an APA style error. What is the error?

Spacing error

Never use a space between a prefix and a base unit (e.g. kg). Use a space between a symbol and the number to which it refers, except for measurements of angles (e.g. 4.5 m, 12 °C, and 60° angle) (APA Guide p. 115).

Examine the figure, specifically the highlighted section below #6. This specific highlighted section has an APA style error. What is the error?

Punctuation error

Do not use a period after a symbol except at the end of a sentence (APA Guide p. 115).

STATISTICAL AND MATHEMATICAL COPY Q&A

1. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding presentation of the data?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding the presentation of the data.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding presentation of the data.

Statistical and mathematical copy can be presented in text, in tables, and in figures. In general, if you have 3 or fewer numbers, use a sentence. If you have from 4 to 20 numbers, use a table. If you have more than 20 numbers, consider using a graph or figure instead of a table.

2. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding references for statistics in common use?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding references for statistics in common use.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding references for statistics in common use.

Do not give a reference for statistics in common use; this convention applies to most statistics used in journal articles. When the statistic itself is the focus of the discussion, give supporting references.

3. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice when reporting inferential statistics in text?

A. Figure A is the better choice when reporting inferential statistics in text.

B. Figure B is the better choice when reporting inferential statistics in text.

When reporting inferential statistics (e.g. t tests, F tests, chi-square tests), include sufficient information to allow the reader to fully understand the analyses conducted and possible alternative explanations for the results of these analyses.

4. Examine the figures. Which is correct with regard to including the zero before the decimal point?

A. Figure A is correct with regard to including the zero before the decimal point.

Figure B is correct with regard to including the zero before the decimal point.

Use a zero before the decimal point when numbers are less than 1 (e.g. 0.125 cm, 0.64 in). Do not use a zero before the decimal fraction when the number cannot be greater than 1 (e.g. correlations, proportions, and levels of statistical significance), for example, F(4, 160) = 8.54, p < .05.

5. Examine the figures. Which is the correct designation for total sample and a limited portion of the sample?

A. Figure A is the correct designation for total sample and a limited portion of the sample.

B. Figure B is the correct designation for total sample and a limited portion of the sample.

Use an uppercase, italicized N to designate the number of members in a total sample and a lowercase, italicized n to designate the number of members in a limited portion of the sample.

6. Examine the figures. Which is the correct choice for the word percent and the percent symbol?

A. Figure A is the correct choice for the word percent and the percent symbol.

B. Figure B is the correct choice for the word percent and the percent symbol.

Use the symbol for percent only when it is preceded by a number. Use the word percentage when a number is not given.

7. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice for this formula within the sentence?

A. Figure A is the better choice for this formula within the sentence.

B. Figure B is the better choice for this formula within the sentence.

Space mathematical copy as you would space words. Subscripts usually precede superscripts, but a prime is placed next to a letter or symbol. Punctuate all equations to conform to their place in the syntax of the sentence.

8. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding the placement of the simple equation?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding the placement of the simple equation.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding the placement of the simple equation.

Place short and simple equations in the line of text. Equations in the line of text should not project above or below the line. To present fractions in the line of text, use a slanted line and appropriate parentheses and brackets.

TABLES Q&A

1Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding presentation of the data?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding the presentation of the data.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding presentation of the data.

Statistical and mathematical copy can be presented in text, in tables, and in figures. In general, if you have 3 or fewer numbers, use a sentence. If you have from 4 to 20 numbers, use a table. If you have more than 20 numbers, consider using a graph or figure instead of a table.

2. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript.

In the text, refer to every table and tell the reader what to look for within the table. Include the table right after the paragraph that first mentions the table. Do not insert a table within a paragraph or split a sentence with a table.

3. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript.

Avoid personifications as you refer to a table. Remember that a table cannot perform and action, for example, a table cannot “show”, “report”, or “explain.” Whenever you have an action verb, be sure to make people the subject of the action, not an inanimate object.

4. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding the discussion of the table within the text of the manuscript.

Refer to the table by its number. Do not write “the table above”, “the table below”, or the “the table found on page 23.”

5. Examine the figures. Which is the correct choice regarding a table caption?

A. Figure A is the correct choice regarding a table caption.

B. Figure B is the correct choice regarding a table caption.

The first line of the table caption is the table number typed in regular case. On the next line, use title case with an italics font style and state the title of the table. Do not use bold font style. Double-space between the Table number line and the Table title line. The table title may be single-spaced. Rows within the table may be double- or single-spaced. Table notes are single-spaced.

6. Examine the figures. Which is the correct choice regarding column heading format?

A. Figure A is the correct choice regarding column heading format.

B. Figure B is the correct choice regarding column heading format.

Stub heads, column heads, and column spanner should be singular unless they refer to groups, but table spanners may be plural. Use sentence style for capitalization – only capitalize the first letter of the first word of all headings. Capitalize all proper nouns.

7. Examine the figures. Which is the correct choice regarding decimal values within a table?

A. Figure A is the correct choice regarding decimal values within a table.

B. Figure B is the correct choice regarding decimal values within a table.

Express numerical values in the number of decimal places that the precision of measurement justifies. If possible, carry all comparable values to the same number of decimal places. Do not change the unit of measurement or the number of decimal values within a column. Include the zero before the decimals for numbers below one.

8. Examine the figures. Which is the correct choice regarding line spacing for a table?

A. Figure A is the correct choice regarding line spacing for a table.

B. Figure B is the correct choice regarding line spacing for a table.

You must double-space between the Table Number line and the Table Title line. The table title may be single-spaced. You can either double- or single-space the rows of the table. Consider the readability of the table when you make your selection. Table notes are single-spaced.

A.

9. Examine the figures. Which is the correct choice regarding a table that continues onto the next page?

A. Figure A is the correct choice regarding a table that continues onto the next page.

B. Figure B is the correct choice regarding a table that continues onto the next page.

Type “Table XX. Table Title (continued)” at the top of the new page before the table to show that the table continues from the previous page. Include the column headings.

10. Examine the figures. Which is the correct choice regarding a table note?

A. Figure A is the correct choice regarding a table note.

B. Figure B is the correct choice regarding a table note.

All notes are placed below the table. There are three types of notes: a general note, a specific note, and a probability note. A general note, such as the one in this figure, begins with the word “Note”, in italics, followed by the notation. A specific note is used for a specific column or row of data and are lettered with lower case letters in superscript. A probability note indicates how asterisks and other symbols are used in a table. All table notes are single-spaced.

FIGURES Q&A

1. Examine the figures. Which is the correct choice regarding the figure caption?

A. Figure A is the correct choice regarding the figure caption.

B. Figure B is the correct choice regarding the figure caption.

Figure captions go below the figure, flush left, with the words “Figure XX.” in italics font style. Keep all fonts 12 point. Double-space the figure caption. Include in the caption any acknowledgement that a figure is reproduced from anther source.

2. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding the length of the figure caption?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding the length of the figure caption.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding the length of the figure caption.

The figure caption should be brief, but descriptive of what is displayed in the figure. The reader should not have to refer back to the text to understand the meaning of the figure. After the descriptive phrase, add any information needed to clarify the figure.

3. Examine the figures. Which is the better choice regarding the reference to a figure within the text of the manuscript?

A. Figure A is the better choice regarding the reference to a figure within the text of the manuscript.

B. Figure B is the better choice regarding the reference to a figure within the text of the manuscript.

Refer to the figure by number. Include the figure immediately after the paragraph to which it is referenced. Do not use “see figure below” or “see figure above”, but rather be specific and descriptive with regard to the reference to the figure.

REFERENCE CITATION IN TEXT Q&A

1. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a parenthetical in-text citation with one author according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

A. Researchers have shown that the majority of managers prefer bonus compensation based on performance in addition to their monthly salary (Edwards, 2008).

B. Researchers have shown that the majority of managers prefer bonus compensation based on performance in addition to their monthly salary (Edwards 2008).

For a parenthetical single author citation, separate the author’s last name from the year with a comma.

2. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a parenthetical in-text citation with two authors according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

A. Major achievements have been made in the last decade with regard to technology (Majors & Brown, 2008).

B. Researchers have found that digital systems work significantly better than analogue systems (Wallace and Smock, 2009).

For a parenthetical citation with two authors, use the “&” symbol rather than “and”. Only use the “&” symbol when within a parenthetical citation.

3. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a parenthetical in-text citation with three or more authors according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

A. Participants in the study tended to select red colors more often than purple colors (Brown, Wilber, & Smith, 2007). Additionally, study participants tended to select more square objects over round objects (Brown et al.).

B. Various measurements were taken to assess the impact of the test on the participants (Williams, Harold, & Johnson, 2005). The researched conducted four such trials (Williams, et. al., 2005).

For a parenthetical citation with three or more authors, use the “et al.” abbreviation (not italicized and with a period after the “al”) after first time use. When parenthetical, do not include a comma after the author’s name.

4. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a non-parenthetical in-text citation with one author according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

A. According to Jones (2005), the industry has made significant strides in safety management. Jones also found that productiveness has increased during the same period.

B. Johanson (2008) reported that climate change may result in adverse impacts for coastal areas of the world. Johanson further reported that the impacts may be realized within the next 20 years.

C. A and B are both incorrect.

D. A and B are both correct.

For a non-parenthetical single author citation, include the year of the publication within the parentheses. Within a paragraph, you need not include the year in subsequent references to a study as long as the study cannot be confused with other studies cited in the paragraph. However, when both the name and year are in parentheses, include the year in subsequent citations within the paragraph.

5. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a non-parenthetical in-text citation with two authors according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

A. Weber & Mulberry (2009) found that many federal programs are not funded to adequate levels based on the stated requirements of the programs.

B. According to Williams & Otto (2007), the deer family has expanded its range since the early part of the 19th Century.

C. A and B are both incorrect.

D. A and B are both correct.

The “&” symbol is only used for parenthetical citations.

6. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a non-parenthetical in-text citation with three or more authors according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

A. Several researches including Jones, Kilburn, and Smith (2007) reported similar results. Jones et al. also reported discrepancies with some of the study data.

B. Kentland, Williams, and Weald (2005) stated that the electoral system must be revised to meet the current environment. Kentland, et al. (2005) further stated that the revisions must be made before the next national election.

For a non-parenthetical citation with three or more authors, subsequent citations include the “et al.” abbreviation with a period after the “al.” Do not place a comma after the author’s name.Omit the year from subsequent citations within the same paragraph unless both the year and name are in parentheses.

7. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for an in-text citation with the name of a group or organization as the authors according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

A. Defense Department officials reported that research expenditures have increased since the last major review (Department of Defense, 2009).

B. Commercial logging is common on national forests within the Rocky Mountain West (U.S. Department of AgricultureAuthors Unknown, 2008).

Spell out the names of groups for first time use. When including the abbreviation within the parenthetical citation, use brackets rather than parentheses to note the abbreviation. Treat the group (e.g. corporation, association, government agencies, and study groups) as you would a single author citation.

8. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a citation with no author according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

A Based on a case study of the business problem (“Cases in Accounting”, 2002), the issue appears to be systemic in many larger private companies.

B The book Employee Retention Tips (2001) has over 100 ideas for retaining quality employees.

C A and B are both incorrect.

D A and B are both correct.

When a work as no author, cite in text the first few words of the reference entry (usually the title) and the year. Use double quotation marks around the title of an article or chapter. Italicize the title of a periodical, book, brochure, or report.

9. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for subsequent references to the same study according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

10. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a parenthetical in-text citation with multiple works according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

11. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a citation of a classical work according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

12 Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a citation for a specific part of a source according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

13 Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a personal communication citation according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

14. Which of the following sentences is the correct format for a citation within parenthetical material according to the 6th Edition of the APA Guide?

REFERENCE LIST Q&A

1.Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

2. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

3. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

4.Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

5. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

6. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

7. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

8. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

9. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

10. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

11. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

12. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

13. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

14. Examine the figure. Is this reference entry correct relative to APA style?

ELECTRONIC MEDIA Q&A

1. Examine the figure below. What is the correct format for an in-text citation of this website that does not have an author and a publication date?

2. Examine the figure below. What is the correct format for a reference entry of this website that does not have an author or publication date?

3. Examine the figure below. What is the correct format for an in-text citation of this web site article that does not have a publication date?

4. Examine the figure below. What is the correct format for the reference entry of this web site article that does not have a publication date but does include the author’s name?

You must also italicize the journal title and the edition number.

5. Suppose you are writing a paper on business law. You purchased and used an e-book version of a printed book for your paper. How should the reference entry for the e-book look?

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6. How should you write a reference citation for this dissertation retrieved used in an on-line database?

7. How should you write the reference for this article where there is an assigned DOI number?

You must also italicize the journal title and the edition number.

8. How should you write the reference for this article? Note that no DOI number has been assigned.

9. How would you write an in-text citation for this online dictionary definition?

A. An estate agent is also known as a real estate broker or manager (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/estate%20agent, n.d.).

B. An estate agent is also known as a real estate broker or manager (“Estate Agent”, n.d.).

Just as you would for an article without an author, the title of the web page serves as the author for the in-text citation. Titles of an article, web page, or chapter within the body of the paper use title case and are enclosed within double quotation marks.

How would you write an in-text citation for this online dictionary definition?

10. How should you write a reference entry for this online definition from a dictionary website?

11. How should you write a reference entry for this technical report produced by RAND?

12. How should you write a reference entry for this online newspaper article?

13. How should you write an in-text citation for this article retrieved from an online encyclopedia?

14. How should you write a reference entry for this online encyclopedia article?